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I was exploring the historic stretch of Old Choa Chu Kang Road west of the Lim Chu Kang Road-Jalan Bahar junction, when I stumbled upon an old Muslim cemetery, seemingly (and hopefully) forgotten (or ignored) by the authorities.

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The cemetery lies to the south of a car park built sometime between 2015 and 2018, next to the junction of Cemetery South Street 23 and Street 16. As it is located near the western end of Old Choa Chu Kang Road, I shall call it the Old Choa Chu Kang Road End Muslim Cemetery.

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Base picture credit: Google Maps.

The cemetery is largely surrounded by forest and bush, and is filled with overgrown grass - it hasn’t been maintained for a long time.


As is usually the case for old Muslim graveyards, this cemetery has graves of varying ages and conditions. Some go back to the 1960s and 1970s. Some have dapur kubur (the rectangular structure that sits upon the grave mound) that were recently renovated; others have severely deteriorated after decades of exposure to the elements. Yet others merely have batu nisan (grave markers, usually one at the head and one at the foot of the burial site) to indicate someone’s resting spot.

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From the 1970s, burial in Singapore was gradually shifted to the Choa Chu Kang Cemetery Complex, where the major faiths were allocated different locations. However, the Old Choa Chu Kang Road End Muslim Cemetery predates this policy. My guess is that the cemetery served the rural community in the area before the villagers were resettled.


Before the 1970s, there were two villages in the area - Choa Chu Kang Village and Kampong Bereh. The cemetery could have served both villages until they were resettled by the 1990s.


Below is a map of the area in 1970. At the time, Choa Chu Kang Village and Kampong Bereh lay at the western end of Choa Chu Kang Road, shaded blue, presently Old Choa Chu Kang Road. A Muslim cemetery near the villages is shaded green. I believe this cemetery is the Old Choa Chu Kang Road End Muslim Cemetery.

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Base picture credit: Survey Department, Singapore.

Since the cemetery lies outside the Choa Chu Kang Cemetery Complex in terms of both date and geography, it is not subject to the New Burial Policy of 1998, which mandates that burials in Singapore must be exhumed after 15 years for either cremation or reburial. Hence, in terms of grave architecture and heritage, the Old Choa Chu Kang Road End Muslim Cemetery is a priceless time capsule, similar to another Muslim cemetery I explored earlier this year, Bedok South’s Lucky Gardens Cemetery.


Hopefully, this time capsule will remain untouched. An area of concern is the realignment of Lim Chu Kang Road because of Tengah Air Base’s expansion. According to the Urban Redevelopment Authority’s 2019 Master Plan, the new road will pass dangerously close to the cemetery.

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Credit: Urban Redevelopment Authority.

There are earthworks going on just to the west of the cemetery, most probably for this new road. I hope it will not encroach further into the grounds of the cemetery.

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As Singapore’s bid to fully vaccinate its population - especially seniors aged 60 and above - against COVID-19 go into overdrive, the authorities are taking a page from the kampung days.


For weeks, the Ministry of Health has been dispatching mobile vaccination teams to dozens of locations around the island, from Woodlands to Bukit Merah, Jurong West to Tampines. They set up shop in void decks and community clubs, bringing jabs to the masses.

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Credit: The Straits Times.

There are also 11 home vaccination teams, visiting seniors who are unable to leave their homes.


Two #IGotMyShot trucks, armed with loudspeakers, ply the same areas as the mobile vaccination teams, broadcasting pre-recorded messages in the four official languages and other Chinese languages, calling on the unvaccinated to get their shots. An emcee in each truck provides information such as specific locations and operating hours of mobile vaccination teams.

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Credit: Ong Ye Kung, Facebook.

This harks back to the 1950s, 60s, and 70s, when it was common for the authorities to send mobile teams into the rural areas to provide essential services to villagers.


Retrofitted trucks and vans braved the island’s rural roads to reach the most remote of villages. They provided cheap or free medical treatment and check-ups such as x-rays for tuberculosis, postal services, library services, replacement and issuing of identity cards, and so on. These absolved villagers of the need to travel long distances to the City.


A Health Department mobile dispensary, donated by the Rotary Club, in 1951.

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Credit: Ministry of Information and the Arts Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.
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Credit: Ministry of Information and the Arts Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.

The mobile dispensary serving students of Bukit Panjang Government School, which was deep in the rural regions at the time.

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Credit: Bukit Panjang Government School Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.

A Government travelling dispensary in 1963.

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Credit: Ministry of Information and the Arts Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.
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Credit: Ministry of Information and the Arts Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.
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Credit: Ministry of Information and the Arts Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.

Mobile x-ray units to combat tuberculosis, 1964.

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A mass x-ray campaign at Joo Chiat Community Centre, 1966.

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Credit: Ministry of Information and the Arts Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.

In 1967, Member of Parliament for Moulmein Avadai Dhanam Lakshimi (the wife of Singapore’s third President, Devan Nair) launched a mobile x-ray campaign in her constituency.

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Credit: Ministry of Information and the Arts Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.

Mobile skin clinics to fight leprosy, 1965.

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Mobile identity card services, 1957.

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Mobile library services, 1967.

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A mobile postal services van, 1963.

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Credit: Ministry of Information and the Arts Collection, courtesy of National Archives of Singapore.

These vehicles were far cheaper than building a new hospital or post office, and their “touring” schedules could be adjusted according to needs on the ground.


From the 1970s, as villagers were resettled en-masse to self-contained New Towns, and as Singapore’s rural areas shrank, these mobile services were gradually phased out. But we are living in unprecedented times now. Old ways sometimes work in the present. 2021’s mobile vaccination teams have successfully reached thousands of people.

 

Lim Chu Kang Road is a trunk road that has been serving the remote northwest of Singapore Island since 1931. Presently, it can be divided into two parts according to width. The southern stretch is a three-lane dual carriageway south of the junction with Ama Keng Road, while the northern stretch is a single-lane dual carriageway north of the junction.


Today, we explored the former, which runs for around 3.3km from the junction with Old Choa Chu Kang Road to Ama Keng Road.


The junction with Old Choa Chu Kang Road.

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This 3.3km stretch also serves as an alternate runway for the Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF). Since 1986, the RSAF has been practising launch and recovery operations on the alternate runway. The last exercise, Exercise Torrent, took place in November 2016.


It is clear that this stretch of road can be used as a runway - the road is straight and wide, there is plenty of open space, and there are only bushes, no trees. It is easy to imagine planes taking off and landing on this strip.

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This alternate runway was created in the 1980s. Originally, all of Lim Chu Kang Road was a single-lane dual carriageway, and the stretch from Choa Chu Kang Road (now Old Choa Chu Kang Road) to Ama Keng Road was a reverse-C shape (see the 1978 street directory map below).

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By 1984 (below), a straighter channel had been laid down, resulting in the expungement of a number of tracks, such as Lorong Pasak and Lorong Kikir. The original Lim Chu Kang Road was retained as Old Lim Chu Kang Road.

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By 1991 (below), the land west of the new Lim Chu Kang Road was cleared for agriculture. Tracks such as Lorong Lihat, Lorong Ensel, and Lorong Pintu were expunged for Murai Farmway and its farms.

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Lim Chu Kang Veterinary Station moved out sometime before 2009. Today, Old Lim Chu Kang Road is surrounded by military camps: Tengah Airbase, Lim Chu Kang Camp I, and Murai Camp.


The bus stops along this stretch of Lim Chu Kang Road are of the old, classic sort, hardly found anywhere else.

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Opposite Lim Chu Kang Camp I.

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The junction with Old Lim Chu Kang Road.

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Always excited to see the remains of an old, defunct road - this time, it’s traces of Lorong Tukol.

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Jalan Murai has survived, and now serves the Murai Urban Training Facility.

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A bend lies ahead - and beyond, Lim Chu Kang Road narrows to a single-lane dual carriageway.

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This stretch of Lim Chu Kang Road, and Old Lim Chu Kang Road, Jalan Murai, and Murai Farmway, all look to be on borrowed time - Tengah Airbase will be expanded westward in the next few years, changing the landscape of the area.


Things have already been set in motion. Around 80,000 Chinese and Muslim graves in Choa Chu Kang Cemetery Complex have been exhumed; the complex will see its size shrink by 100 hectares, or a third. The six farms of Murai Farmway have moved out. And roadworks to construct a new road to replace the runway stretch of Lim Chu Kang Road have already begun; the new road will be completed in 2025 (below).

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Credit: Land Transport Authority.

One thing’s for sure - this area will see plenty of change in the next few years.

 

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