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Once completed, the project would make it more comfortable for the hundreds of people who walk across the land link connecting Johor Baru to Woodlands, said Mr Mohd Solihan Badri, Johor’s state executive councillor for the public works, infrastructure and transport committee on Sunday, as quoted by Bernama news agency.


Before the coronavirus pandemic led to the general closure of the Causeway, more than 300,000 people used the land link each day, including some 100,000 who commuted daily to work in Singapore.


Most commuters used motorcycles, cars and buses to get across what is reputed to be the world’s busiest border crossing.


But in normal times, hundreds of people are often seen walking across the Causeway daily to reach the other side faster due to the traffic snarls.


And because there is no motor traffic on the Causeway now, the only commuter traffic are the people walking across. It makes sense to build something to better serve them.

An empty Causeway on 18 March 2020, after Malaysia implemented its Movement Control Order. There were pedestrians walking across though. Credit: BusInterchange.Net.

Malaysia’s federal government has doubled its initial allocation of RM15 million after the walkway was redesigned, with the addition of escalators and air-conditioning, Mr Mohd Solihan told reporters on the sidelines of the Johor state assembly proceedings.


“The construction will involve the Home Ministry and Works Ministry as the Johor Causeway is maintained by the Malaysian Highway Authority,” he said.


Mr Mohd Solihan did not say whether the covered walkway would be built on pedestrian paths on the existing 1km road link, or whether a new structure would be added by the side of the link.


“The distance of 350m ends at the border with Singapore. However, for Singapore, I’m not sure how long the distance is going to be,” Bernama quoted him as saying.


According to Mr Mohd Solihan, pedestrians are actually prohibited on the Johor Causeway, but the authorities have not taken any action against them.


This is new to me. It explains why a covered walkway was never constructed, even though the Causeway is close to a century old (it opened in 1923).


If the covered walkway becomes reality, then the movement of pedestrians across the Causeway will unofficially be “legalised”.


He said Singapore Consulate officials in Johor Baru whom he met had expressed interest in the project, Bernama reported.


It will make sense for Singapore to complete the walkway on its end of the crossing, as long as the cost is not prohibitive.


What a curious way to commemorate a hundred years of the Causeway’s existence. It was originally built with rail and motor traffic in mind, but now, humble pedestrian traffic - probably numbering in the dozens daily, not the usual hundreds of thousands - is its raison d'être.

The Causeway in 1924, a year after completion. The link has been widened since. Credit: Remember Singapore.

In 1975, the Area Licensing Scheme (ALS) was unveiled in Singapore - a transport milestone. For the first time in modern Singapore’s history, motorists had to pay to use congested roads; it was the world’s first intra-city cordon-based road-pricing system. Motorists paid a few dollars for daily paper licences to enter the Restricted Zone, which covered the Central Area. Auxiliary policemen had to be posted at gantries to spot vehicles entering the RZ without a valid licence.

An ALS gantry over Bencoolen Street. Credit: National Archives of Singapore.
Eu Tong Sen Street. Credit: National Archives of Singapore.
The junction of Orchard Road and Scotts Road. A warden is looking out for vehicles without valid licences. Credit: National Archives of Singapore.
An area licence, valid only on the printed date. Credit: Singapore Memory Project.

As technology advanced, the system evolved. Twenty-three years later, in 1998, the ALS was replaced by the Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system, which employed computers, cameras, radio waves, and smart cards slotted into in-vehicle units. ERP removed the need for wardens to look out for vehicles without valid licences; also, the pricing system taxed motorists for each access of a road, instead of granting them unlimited daily access with one licence. The system was also gradually broadened to congested roads and expressways outside the Central Area. My book Jalan Singapura details all these.

An ERP gantry over North Bridge Road. Credit: Mailer_diablo, CC BY-SA 3.0.

Now, the next generation of road pricing is upon us - sort of. By 2023, 25 years after the launch of ERP, it will transition to a satellite-based system, and a million vehicles will have to be installed with new on-board units, with bigger screens displaying maps, traffic information, and safety alerts.


However, plans to convert the tax from a cordon-based system to a distance-based one have been put on hold for now.



“The new ERP system is capable of charging by distance,” he added, “but as a policy we are holding back”.


To sum up, “how ERP works will not change. What will change is that there is no need for big gantries anymore.”


Distance-based charging definitely requires closer study, because it might disadvantage certain groups of motorists, such as those who live in the suburbs but work in the Central Area, taxi and private-hire drivers who have to cruise around for fares or travel to passengers’ pick-up locations, and delivery and transport businesses, to name a few.


There are other kinks to iron out. The new on-board unit, which comprises an antenna, a touchscreen display, and a processing unit, has received criticism for its perceived bulkiness. Also, the card-based mode of payment remains unchanged; I had expected the payment to go cardless, what with the Republic’s Smart Nation Initiative.


Anyway, it is still early days yet; the transition will take three years. Private car owners have been given more than enough notice. Hopefully, the third generation of road pricing will not just properly regulate road usage, it will also persuade more to give up their cars and use public transport instead.


Hence, the stations - from Springleaf to Caldecott - will open only in the first quarter of next year, having initially been scheduled to open later this year.


Argh. I had been looking forward to the opening of the stations as the one bright thing to happen in this utterly abysmal year. Alas, it is not to be.


The Land Transport Authority (LTA) said in January that the second stage of the TEL was about 90 per cent complete and was on track to open in the later part of this year.


But Mr Ong said in a written reply to Workers’ Party MP Jamus Lim (Sengkang GRC) yesterday that the circuit breaker period between April and June, along with the phased reopening afterwards, had caused delays to the completion.


Most construction work was suspended during the circuit breaker.


Associate Professor Lim also asked whether there would be any spillover delays to other major planned MRT projects.


Mr Ong said: “Unlike the TEL2 which is near completion and prioritised for resumption of work, we will only be able to better assess the length of delays on subsequent phases of TEL and other MRT projects when construction activities have more fully resumed.”


That sounds like a yes...


He added that the Government remains committed to significantly expanding the MRT network, from around 230km today to 360km by the early 2030s. This includes opening the remaining stages of the TEL and completing the circle with Circle Line Stage 6. It also includes the building of the North East Line extension, Jurong Region Line and Cross Island Line.


The TEL, which was originally set to be completed in 2024, will span 43km and serve about 500,000 commuters daily in its initial years.


It is Singapore’s sixth MRT line, with a total of 32 new stations, including eight interchange stations.


Two interchange stations - Caldecott and Bright Hill - are under the second phase of the line.


The first stage of the line, comprising Woodlands North, Woodlands, and Woodlands South MRT stations, opened in January.


About 100,000 households will benefit from the first two phases of the line, according to previous estimates by the LTA.


***


Some photos I took of Stage 1 of the Thomson-East Coast Line in early February, soon after it opened:

The vast platform of Woodlands North MRT Station.
Woodlands North.
The Thomson-East Coast Line section of Woodlands MRT Interchange.
The interior of a Kawasaki Heavy Industries & CRRC Qingdao Sifang CT251 train, which is the rolling stock for the new line.
Woodlands South MRT Station.

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